A projector is a device that integrates a light source, optics system, electronics and display(s) for the purpose of projecting an image from a computer or video device onto a wall or screen for large image viewing. There are hundereds of products available in the market and they are differentiated by their resolution, performance and features.
Display
There are several different display types with different picture quality and lens life; LCD, DLP and CRT are the most common.
- Cathode Ray Tube (CRT): CRT projectors deliver a high degree of illumination and can project high-resolution video and data at up to workstation frequencies. Computer resolution can be as high as 2,000 lines. The disadvantageof CRT projectors is that they need to be realigned for different types and brands of computer, so if you bring your laptop to the lecture theatre it may not match any of the pre-programmed options and a technician will need to be called to set it up.
- Digital Light Processing (DLP): The commercial name for this technology from Texas Instruments (TI): The technology inside is often referred to as either "micro-mirrors", or DMD: It works this way: build a few hundred thousand tiny mirrors, and line them up in 800 rows of 600 mirrors each. Now attach a hinge to each of those 480,000 mirrors. Attach each of those 480,000 hinges to its own very tiny motor! Power each motor with electrostatic energy! The motors tilt their mirrors up to 20 degrees at incredible speeds. This allows the mirrors to modulate light from a lamp, and send the "modulated signal" out through a lens, on to a screen. The most amazing part of DLP micro mirrors, is the scale of size. The 480,000 mirrors (actually 580,000 are used), hinges and motors are packed onto a "wafer" a bit larger than your thumbnail.
- Liquid Crystal Display (LCD): LCD stands for liquid crystal display and comes in many forms, sizes, and resolutions. Its primary purpose is to present a digital image for viewing. A common use of LCDs is as a display on a notebook computer. Polysilicon TFT LCD is a popular LCD technology for the top of the line LCD projectors. Monochrome Polysilicon LCDs are typically placed in each of the three color light paths inside a projector, one each for Red, Green, and Blue. This results in increased color saturation, with contrast ratios above 200:1. Polysilicon technology is also a bit faster than the Active Matrix TFT, for smooth video and multimedia.
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